Makhalidwe a ceramic insulators
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a ntchito, machubu a ceramic amagetsi amatha kugawidwa kukhala: Ma insulators a mizere, ma insulators opangira magetsi kapena zida zamagetsi;Itha kugawidwa kukhala insulator yamkati ndi insulator yakunja malinga ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito;Ceramic, dongo lachilengedwe ngati zopangira, kupanga zinthu zosakanikirana, zopangira zopangira zida zopangira ntchito zadothi wamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, zimbudzi zanyumba, zida zamagetsi (zopopera), makampani opanga mankhwala ndi zoumba zapadera - capacitors, piezoelectric, maginito, electro-optic ndi kutentha kwapamwamba zoumba zamagetsi. nthawi zambiri amagawidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe azinthu, mulingo wamagetsi ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito zida zamagetsi zamagetsi.Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a mankhwala, akhoza kugawidwa mu: disc kuyimitsidwa insulator, pin insulator, ndodo insulator, dzenje insulator, etc;Malinga ndi mulingo wamagetsi, imatha kugawidwa m'magawo otsika (AC 1000 V ndi pansipa, DC 1500 V ndi pansipa) ma insulators ndi ma voltage apamwamba (AC 1000 V ndi kupitilira apo, DC 1500 V ndi kupitilira apo) insulators.Pakati pa ma insulators okwera kwambiri, pali magetsi okwera kwambiri (AC 330kV ndi 500 kV, DC 500 kV) ndi voteji yopitilira muyeso (AC 750kV ndi 1000 kV, DC 800 kV).
Mtundu wa ceramics ogwira ntchito omwe resistivity yake imasintha kwambiri ndi kutentha.Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a kutentha kwa kukana, amagawidwa kukhala positive temperature coefficient (PTC) Thermal Ceramics ndi negative temperature coefficient (NTC) Thermal Ceramics.
The resistivity ya Thermal Ceramics yokhala ndi coefficient ya kutentha kwabwino imachepa kwambiri ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha.Makhalidwewa amafunidwa ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zambewu ndi malire a tirigu mu kapangidwe kazoumba.Zoumba zokha za ceramic zomwe zili ndi njere zopanda semiconducted komanso zotchingira zofunika pamalire ambewu zitha kukhala ndi izi.Zoumba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa kutentha kwa mpweya wabwino ndi zoumba za BaTiO zokhala ndi zinyalala ndi zogwirira ntchito mumlengalenga wocheperako.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga mphamvu yamtundu wa swing variable thermosensitive ceramic resistors, zoletsa zamakono, ndi zina.
The resistivity wa negative kutentha coefficient thermosensitive ceramics kumawonjezeka kwambiri ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha.Zambiri mwazitsulozi ndizitsulo zokhazikika zazitsulo zokhala ndi zitsulo zamtundu wa spinel, ndiko kuti, ma oxides ambiri okhala ndi zitsulo zosinthika (monga Mn, Cu, Ni, Fe, etc.).The general Chemical formula ndi AB2O4, ndipo makina ake opangira amasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kake ndi semiconductor mode.Zoumba zadothi zomwe sizili bwino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyezera kutentha komanso kubwezera kutentha.Kuphatikiza apo, pali zida zadothi zotentha zomwe resistivity yake imasintha molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kutentha, ndi Thermal Ceramics yomwe resistivity yake imasinthanso pa kutentha kwina kovuta.Zomalizazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zamagetsi, motero zimatchedwa magetsi a Thermal Ceramics.Malinga ndi kutentha kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zoumba zamatenthedwe zimagawidwa mu kutentha kochepa (4 ~ 20K, 20 ~ 80K, 77 ~ 300K, etc.), kutentha kwapakatikati (kumadziwikanso kuti standardization, - 60 ~ 300 ℃) ndi kutentha kwakukulu (300 ~ 1000 ℃).
Positive kutentha coefficient thermistor;Semiconductor ceramics;zitsulo za ceramic;chitukuko
Chidule: molingana ndi malipoti a zolembedwa komanso zomwe zachitika pantchitoyo, kafukufuku wamapangidwe, kuyesa kwazinthu, mawonekedwe azinthu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zoumba za PTC zikufotokozedwa.
Johnson power, ntchito yoyimitsa imodzi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi.Jiangxi Johnson Electric Co., Ltd. imapanga zotchingira mphamvu, zotchingira zadothi, zotchingira magalasi, zotchingira zophatikizika, zotsekera mizere, zotsekera kuyimitsidwa, zotsekera mapini, zotsekera ma disc, zotsekera kupsinjika, zomangira mphezi, zolumikizira, zosinthira, zosinthira katundu, zotengera bokosi, dontho. fuse, zingwe ndi zopangira mphamvu.Takulandilani kuti mufunse.
Makhalidwe a galasi insulator
Insulator yagalasi ili ndi izi:
(1) Mphamvu yamakina apamwamba, 1 ~ 2 nthawi yayitali kuposa ya insulator yadothi.
(2) Kuchita kwake kumakhala kokhazikika komanso kosavuta kukalamba, ndipo mphamvu zamagetsi ndizokwera kuposa za porcelain insulator.
(3) Njira yopangira ndiyocheperako, njira yopangira ndiyofupika, ndiyosavuta kumakina ndi kupanga zokha, komanso kupanga bwino kwambiri.
(4) Chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwa galasi insulator, n'zosavuta kupeza ming'alu yaing'ono ndi zolakwika zosiyanasiyana zamkati kapena zowonongeka panthawi yoyendera kunja.
(5) Ngati pali zolakwika zosiyanasiyana mu galasi la insulator, galasilo lidzasweka, lomwe limatchedwa "self breaking".Pambuyo pakusweka kwa insulator, nyundo yotsalira ya kapu yachitsulo imakhalabe ndi mphamvu zamakina ndipo imapachikidwa pamzere, ndipo mzerewo ukhoza kupitiriza kugwira ntchito.Woyang'anira mzere akayang'ana mzerewo, ndikosavuta kupeza insulator yosweka ndikuyika insulator yatsopano munthawi yake.Chifukwa insulator yagalasi ili ndi mawonekedwe a "self breaking", sikofunikira kuchita mayeso odzitetezera pa insulator pogwira ntchito pamzere, zomwe zimabweretsa ntchito yabwino kwambiri.
(6) Ma insulators a galasi amalemera pang'ono.Chifukwa cha kupanga ndi zifukwa zina, kuchuluka kwa "self breaking" kwa insulator yamagalasi ndikokwera kwambiri, zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri za insulator yagalasi.
Mtundu wa insulator yoyimitsidwa yophatikizika:
mtundu wokhazikika, mtundu wosagwirizana ndi kuipitsidwa, mtundu wa DC, mtundu wozungulira, mtundu wa aerodynamic, mtundu wa waya wapansi, pamakina olumikizana ndi njanji yamagetsi.
1. Zopangidwa ndi insulator zophatikizika zimapangidwa ndi magawo atatu: ndodo yagalasi ya fiber epoxy resin, siketi ya ambulera ya silicone ndi hardware.Siketi ya ambulera ya mphira ya silicone imatengera njira yolumikizira jekeseni, yomwe imathetsa vuto lalikulu lomwe likukhudza kudalirika kwa insulator yophatikizika, kuwonongeka kwa magetsi.Njira yapamwamba kwambiri yopangira ma crimping imatengedwa kuti ilumikizidwe pakati pa ndodo yokoka magalasi ndi zolumikizira, zomwe zimakhala ndi makina odziwikiratu odziwikiratu.Lili ndi mphamvu zambiri, maonekedwe okongola, voliyumu yaying'ono ndi kulemera kwake.Zopangira malata zimatha kuteteza dzimbiri ndi dzimbiri, ndipo zimatha kusinthana ndi zotsekera zadothi.Mapangidwewo ndi odalirika, samawononga mandrel, ndipo amatha kupereka masewera onse ku mphamvu yake yamakina.
2. Kupambana kwamagetsi ndi mphamvu zamakina apamwamba.Kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kusinthasintha kwa ndodo yotulutsa magalasi a epoxy yomwe yapakidwa mkati ndipamwamba ka 2 kuposa yachitsulo wamba ndi 8 ~ 10 nthawi yayitali kuposa yadothi yamphamvu kwambiri, yomwe imathandizira kudalirika kwa ntchito yotetezeka.
3. Imakhala ndi kukana kwabwino kwa kuipitsidwa, kukana kuipitsidwa kwabwino komanso kukana kwamphamvu kwa kuipitsidwa kwa flashover.Kupirira kwake konyowa ndi voteji yoyipitsidwa ndi 2 ~ 2.5 nthawi ya ma insulators a porcelain okhala ndi mtunda womwewo wa creepage.Popanda kuyeretsa, imatha kugwira ntchito bwino m'malo oipitsidwa kwambiri.
4. Voliyumu yaying'ono, yopepuka (yokha 1/6 ~ 1/9 ya insulator ya porcelain ya giredi yomweyo yamagetsi), mawonekedwe opepuka komanso mayendedwe osavuta ndikuyika.
5. Siketi ya ambulera ya mphira ya silicone imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino ya hydrophobic.Mapangidwe ake onse amatsimikizira kuti kutsekemera kwamkati sikukhudzidwa ndi chinyezi.Palibe chifukwa choyezera kuwunika kodzitetezera komanso kuyeretsa, zomwe zimachepetsa ntchito yokonza tsiku ndi tsiku.
6. Ili ndi ntchito yabwino yosindikiza komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri kwamagetsi.Siketi ya ambulera imagonjetsedwa ndi kutayikira kwa magetsi ndipo imafika pa tma4 Level 5, yokhala ndi kukana kukalamba bwino, kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso kukana kutentha kochepa, komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kudera la - 40 ℃ ~ - 50 ℃.
7. Imakhala ndi kukana kwamphamvu komanso kukana kugwedezeka, anti brittleness ndi kukwawa kwamphamvu, kosavuta kuthyoka, kupindika kwambiri ndi mphamvu yopindika, imatha kupirira kupanikizika kwamkati, mphamvu yotsutsa kuphulika kwamphamvu, ndipo imatha kusinthidwa ndi porcelain ndi ma insulators agalasi.
8. Mawotchi ndi magetsi amtundu wa insulator wophatikizika ndiabwino kuposa a porcelain insulator, okhala ndi malire akulu otetezedwa.Ndi chinthu chosinthidwa cha chingwe chamagetsi.
Makhalidwe a composite insulator
1. Mtengo wa ziro ndikudziphwanya nokha komanso zosavuta kuzizindikira
Mphepete yapawiri yolendewera ili ndi mawonekedwe a zero value self breaking.Malingana ngati zikuwonekera pansi kapena pa helikopita, palibe chifukwa chokwera mtengo kuti muzindikire chidutswa ndi chidutswa, chomwe chimachepetsa mphamvu ya ogwira ntchito.
Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu kuchokera pamzere wopanga, ntchito yapachaka yodziphwanya yokha ndi 0.02-0.04%, yomwe ingapulumutse mtengo wokonza mzere.Arc yabwino komanso kukana kugwedezeka.Pogwira ntchito, malo atsopano a galasi lotsekera lotenthedwa ndi mphezi akadali thupi losalala lagalasi ndipo ali ndi gawo loteteza kupsinjika kwamkati.Choncho, imasungabe mphamvu zokwanira zotchinjiriza komanso mphamvu zamakina.
Tsoka lothamanga lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi conductor icing lachitika nthawi zambiri pa mzere wa 500 kV.Choyimitsira chophatikizika choyimitsidwa pambuyo pa kondakitala akuthamanga alibe attenuation mu electromechanical ntchito.
2. Kuchita bwino kodziyeretsa komanso kosavuta kukalamba
Malinga ndi chiwonetsero cha dipatimenti yamagetsi, chotchingira magalasi sichophweka kudziunjikira kuipitsidwa komanso kosavuta kuyeretsa, ndipo chotchingira magalasi chomwe chimathamangira kum'mwera chimatsukidwa mvula itatha.
Yesani pafupipafupi ma insulators agalasi pamizere yomwe ili m'malo odziwika bwino kuti muyese momwe ma electromechanical amagwirira ntchito mukatha kugwira ntchito.Zomwe zidasonkhanitsidwa masauzande ambiri zikuwonetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito a electromechanical a insulators magalasi pambuyo pa zaka 35 akugwira ntchito kwenikweni amagwirizana ndi nthawi yobereka, ndipo palibe chodabwitsa cha ukalamba.
Mphamvu yayikulu ndi yayikulu, kugawa kwamagetsi mu chingwe ndi yunifolomu, ndipo ma dielectric okhazikika a galasi ndi 7-8, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulator yophatikizika ikhale ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso kugawa kwamagetsi yunifolomu mu chingwe, chomwe chimathandizira kuchepetsa voteji yotengedwa ndi insulator pafupi ndi kondakitala ndi mbali yoyambira, kuti muchepetse kusokoneza kwa wailesi, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa corona ndikutalikitsa moyo wautumiki wa chotchingira magalasi.Mchitidwe wa opaleshoni watsimikizira izi
Mawonekedwe amachitidwe ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito za insulator yophatikizika # mawonekedwe amachitidwe a insulator yophatikizika:
1. Voliyumu yaying'ono komanso yopepuka yopepuka, yomwe ili pafupifupi 1/5 ~ 1/9 ya voliyumu yofananira ya porcelain, yomwe ndi yabwino mayendedwe ndi unsembe.
2. Insulator yophatikizika imakhala ndi mphamvu zamakina apamwamba, mawonekedwe odalirika, magwiridwe antchito okhazikika komanso malire akulu kuti azigwira ntchito motetezeka, zomwe zimapereka chitsimikizo cha mzere ndi ntchito yotetezeka.
3. Insulator yophatikizika imakhala ndi magetsi apamwamba kwambiri.Siketi ya ambulera ya mphira ya silicone ili ndi hydrophobicity yabwino komanso kuyenda, kukana kuipitsidwa kwabwino komanso kuthekera kolimba kolimbana ndi kuipitsidwa.Itha kugwira ntchito motetezeka m'malo oipitsidwa kwambiri popanda kuyeretsa pamanja ndipo ikhoza kukhala yopanda kukonzanso mtengo wa zero.
4. Insulator yophatikizika imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a asidi ndi kukana kwa alkali, kukana kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kukana magetsi, ntchito yabwino yosindikiza, ndipo imatha kuonetsetsa kuti kutsekemera kwake kwamkati sikukhudzidwa ndi chinyezi.
5. Insulator yophatikizika imakhala ndi kukana kwabwino kwa brittleness, kukana mwamphamvu kugwedezeka komanso palibe ngozi ya brittle fracture.
6. Ma insulators ophatikizika amatha kusinthidwa ndipo amatha kusinthana ndi ma insulators a porcelain.
Momwe mungaweruzire mtundu wa insulator?
a.Standard kwa oyenerera kutchinjiriza kukana
(1) Kukana kwa kutchinjiriza kwa ma insulators omwe angoyikidwa kumene kudzakhala kwakukulu kuposa kapena kofanana ndi 500m Ω.
(2) Kukaniza kwa insulator pakugwira ntchito kudzakhala kwakukulu kuposa kapena kofanana ndi 300m Ω.
b.Chiweruzo cha kuwonongeka kwa insulator
(1) Ngati kukana kwa insulator ndi ochepera 300m Ω ndi wamkulu kuposa 240m Ω, zitha kuonedwa ngati zopangira zotsika mtengo.
(2) Ngati kutchinjiriza kukana kwa insulator kuli kochepera 240m Ω, kumatha kuweruzidwa ngati zotchingira ziro.
Njirayi nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kukana kwa insulation ya composite insulation.
Ma insulators oyimitsidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina amagetsi.Ma insulators a FRP ali ndi moyo wautali wautumiki ndipo amakondedwa ndi magetsi.Ubwino wa ma insulators oyimitsidwa pamsika ndi wosagwirizana.Pali zobwezeretsanso zinyalala zoyimitsidwa zomwe zikugulitsidwa.M'pofunika kufananiza katundu pogula insulators kuyimitsidwa.Ngati mukufuna kudziwa za kuyimitsidwa kwa ma insulator ndikupeza zithunzi zolumikizira zolumikizira kuyimitsidwa, ndinu olandilidwa kufunsa kampani ya Joson power equipment, yopanga zida zapamwamba kwambiri zoyimitsidwa.Mphamvu ya Josen imapereka ma insulators amphamvu amagetsi a porcelain, 330kV kuyimitsidwa insulators, 500kV kuyimitsidwa insulators, 10kV kuyimitsidwa insulators composite, kuyimitsidwa kuipitsa zosagwira insulators, kuyimitsidwa insulators wamba, disk kuyimitsidwa magalasi insulators ndi kuyimitsidwa magalasi kuyimitsidwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-18-2022